PYTHON · NUMPY

The reporting record

Build an energy report a reviewer can check, using what the existing standards already supply.

01Challenge

Nine fields separate a reproducible energy figure from a number. Fill them in, and say for each one which standard supplies it and which leaves it to you.

02Model

No standard defines robot energy per task. ISO 9283 measures accuracy and contains no power measurement at all, though its cube is where datasheet figures come from. IEC 61800-9-2 measures drive losses at eight fixed operating points and treats the duty profile as an input assumption. ISO 20140 defines efficiency as a ratio and leaves both terms to the user. What does exist and is fully open is OPC 34100 / PROFIenergy: separate import and export counters at every level, so regeneration is never silently netted, and a machine-readable accuracy class travelling with every value. No academic robot-energy paper reports an accuracy class.

03Guided practice

Run the cell, read which fields are unfilled, then fill them for a measurement you could actually take on a bench you have access to.

04Feedback

PASS WHEN You have a reporting record that states its plane, its model, and its uncertainty.

If your run fails, check:

Adopt OPC 34100's contract rather than inventing one: separate import/export counters and a declared accuracy class.
VDMA 34179's productive/unproductive split matters because integrating a trajectory silently drops the idle term.
Compute energy belongs in the same ledger; no standard puts it there yet.

05Retrieve & space

Which two fields must you state because no standard fixes them?
What does OPC 34100 supply that no robot-energy paper currently reports?
Why is 'energy per cycle' insufficient as a denominator?

06Mastery & project

Publish an energy figure that another lab can reproduce, and name the standard behind each field.

Write the record for one measurement on real hardware. Where you cannot fill a field, state why and what instrument would.

GO FURTHER · THE LIVE PLAYGROUND

Open the instrument ↗ — Two axes on a shared DC link. Move the meter, slide the phase, watch the number change.

← 1/T³ and 1/T Back to course →

PYTHON · NUMPY

The reporting record

Complete the record and count what a reviewer cannot check.

You read

the arrays and values already in scope

You change

the code you write in each cell

Fixed

the dataset and the checks that grade you