PAI-360 · Education

What a Decision Costs: Python to Measure It, Rust to Move It

Answering a decision without generating text costs about a fifth as much, measured at the accuracy the open models publish, and one line of algebra tells you exactly what it would take to reach a hundredfold. You measure the baseline in Python, derive the ceiling, write the relocated decision in no_std Rust on a real machine, price the readout everyone omits, and state the result as a budget someone can attack.

Skilled → Frontier·3 modules · 5 labs·5 lessons
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THE HORIZON

Where this sits, and what moves it.

Binding constraint · Joules per decision, composed: the typed pass, the energy of reading its answer back out, and the generative fallback paid on every miss. Relocating a decision out of generation therefore saves at most one over one minus the router's accuracy, so the miss rate fixes the energy ceiling before any model is chosen.

Was impossible

Until 2026 a decision and a paragraph came out of the same machine by the same mechanism, so there was nothing to route between and the question did not arise. Typed-decision models made the two paths separable, and separable paths can be priced against each other.

Is probable

The saving is demonstrated and the ceiling is elementary, but the quantity it depends on is not reported. This review did not locate a published out-of-distribution router accuracy for any deployed typed-decision system, and the readout term is absent from the claims that rest on it.

Becomes possible

A published table of composed joules per decision, including readout and misroutes, measured out of distribution. When that exists, a hundredfold claim becomes checkable in one line, and every claim made before it becomes gradeable.

Every hard thing was impossible until the constraint that made it impossible was named. How we read a frontier →